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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2012-03-21 PACKET 08.A.REQUEST OF CITY COUNCIL ACTION COUNCIL AGENDA MEETING ITEM # A DATE 3/21/12 PREPARED BY Community Development Robin Roland ORIGINATING DEPARTMENT STAFF AUTHOR COUNCIL ACTION REQUEST Consider approving the site plan to allow construction of a carbon filtration facility and ancillary structures at 3M Cottage Grove and a variance to the Exterior Design Standards of the Zoning Ordinance to allow the exterior surface materials of the two industrial buildings to be constructed of metal material similar in design and color to the industrial buildings on the 3M Cottage Grove site. STAFF RECOMMENDATION Adopt the resolution approving the site plan and variance for the proposed carbon filtration facility at 3M Cottage Grove. BUDGET IMPLICATION $N /A $N /A N/A BUDGETED AMOUNT ACTUAL AMOUNTFUNDING SOURCE ADVISORY COMMISSION ACTION: DATE REVIEWED APPROVED DENIED ® PLANNING 2/27/12 ❑ ® ❑ ❑ PUBLIC SAFETY ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ PUBLIC WORKS ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ PARKS AND RECREATION ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ HUMAN SERVICES /RIGHTS ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ECONOMIC DEV. AUTHORITY ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS ® MEMO /LETTER: Memo from John McCool dated 3/9/12 ® RESOLUTION: Draft ❑ ORDINANCE: ❑ ENGINEERING RECOMMENDATION: ❑ LEGAL RECOMMENDATION: ® OTHER: Excerpt from unapproved minutes of the 2/27/12 Planning Commission meeting ADMINISTRATOR'S COMMENTS f City Administrator Date ***************** * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** COUNCIL ACTION TAKEN: ❑ APPROVED ❑ DENIED ❑ OTHER CITY OF COTTAGE GROVE MINNESOTA TO: Mayor and Members of the City Council Ryan Schroeder, City Administrator FROM: John McCool, Senior Planner DATE: March 9, 2012 RE: Proposed 3M Cottage Grove Carbon Filtration Facility Project — Site Plan and Variance Applications Proposal 3M has submitted site plan and variance applications to construct a carbon filtration facility at 3M Cottage Grove. The property address is 10746 Innovation Road. The proposed carbon filtration facility consists of two buildings and two outdoor water storage reservoirs. Because the two buildings are proposed to be constructed with metal exterior materials, 3M is requesting a variance to the Zoning Ordinance regulations pertaining to the exterior surface materials for industrial buildings. Below is an aerial photo showing the proposed location of the carbon filtration facilities on 3M Cottage Grove's property: i 'l, ' VY kI �; ��l t • I i » ...I � #r - 1__ _ -i� � J .. , "'� ` , •�`[, � �.. ' - � 1'T c> Proposed Carbon �- Treatment Building . r E a .�. ropos ed Boosterl 11 Proposed Water _ 782 te� - - -y• ;4r � � Reservoirs Y �� ' Y zz 5 MISSI s$1ppl "699E�ev` '� rr 4 Ft1V 4 i t tk O M 430 660 Location Map Honorable Mayor Bailey, City Council Members and Ryan Schroeder 3M's Carbon Filtration Facility Project — Site Plan and Variance Applications March 9, 2012 Page 2 of 9 Planning Commission The Planning Commission reviewed 3M's site plan and variance applications at a public hearing on February 27, 2012. Pat McGrann and Mark Gaetz, 3M representatives, attended the meeting and made a short presentation about the project. No oral testimony or written comments were received at the meeting. The Planning Commission supported the applicant's proposal and unanimously (7 -0 vote) rec- ommended that the City Council approve the site plan and grant a variance to the Zoning Ordin- ance regulations relative to exterior surface materials for industrial buildings. An excerpt from the Planning Commission's unapproved minutes is attached. Ordinance Requirements The 3M Cottage Grove property is zoned Heavy Industry (1 -3). This zoning classification is con- sistent with the industrial land use designation shown on the Future Land Use map of the City's Future Vision 2030 Comprehensive Plan, adopted on March 2, 2011. The proposed carbon filtra- tion facility is an allowed use in the 1 -3 District. The City's Zoning Ordinance requires site plan approval for new structures and major additions to existing structures. The purpose of the site plan review is to ensure that new developments con- form to the City's development standards and ordinance regulations. All the minimum building setbacks and the maximum building height comply with the 1 -3 zoning district's development standards. The new filtration facility cannot be seen from 3M's main entrance or from the Mississippi River. 3M is requesting a variance to the Architecture section of the Zoning Ordinance. The main reason for the variance application is because the metal material provides versatility for constructing the carbon filtration facility. The building's foundations and concrete pads for the carbon vessels and the carbon vessels will be constructed first. The second construction phase will be the exterior walls and roof. This construction method is efficient in completing the project in a timely manner. The ordinance requires the exterior building materials for industrial buildings to have a minimum of 65 percent of Class 1 or Class 2 materials. Class I materials comprise of copper panels, fired clay face brick, natural stone, transparent glass, or other comparable or superior materials. Class 2 materials are architecturally textured precast concrete panels, concrete brick, masonry stucco, specialty concrete block, synthetic or cultured stone, or tile. 3M proposes to construct the two buildings with insulated metal wall panels and translucent windows. The proposed building's exte- rior materials will have continuity and the same color palette as other buildings in this area of the site. • 4 3M is proposing to install a granular activated carbon treatment system to treat perfluorochemi- cals (PFCs) in groundwater. The treated water will be used by 3M and some excess treated non- Honorable Mayor Bailey, City Council Members and Ryan Schroeder 3M's Carbon Filtration Facility Project — Site Plan and Variance Applications March 9, 2012 Page 3 of 9 potable water will be discharged into the Mississippi River. This action is consistent with decisions made and documented by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency in Minnesota Decision Docu- ments for the Woodbury Disposal Site and the 3M Cottage Grove facility (December 2008 and August 2009, respectively). 3M has received an agreement in principle from the MPCA to pro- ceed with the construction of the carbon filtration facility and is currently working with state agency staffs on specific project approvals. Beyond the immediate value of conducting the ex- tended pilot well pump test, 3M plans to treat other groundwater that is currently in use at the 3M Cottage Grove facility. The current schedule calls for treatment of water that is currently pumped and used from the Woodbury Disposal site to commence in the second quarter of 2013 and for other 3M Cottage Grove facility production wells to be treated later in 2013. The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) and 3M signed a Settlement Agreement and Consent Order in May 2007 to clean up three 3M PFC Disposal Sites in Washington County. One of these sites is at the 3M Cottage Grove plant. As part of the agreement, 3M completed a Re- medial Investigation and Feasibility Study for the Cottage Grove site, the focus of which was to identify any remaining threats to public health or the environment from releases of PFCs at the site. The Consent Order also required that in developing a cleanup alternative, primary consider- ation should go to those that excavate and destroy remaining PFC wastes or that excavate and dispose of PFC wastes in a permitted, isolated, engineered containment facility. The MPCA reviewed the alternatives identified in the Feasibility Study and issued a Minnesota Decision Document in August 2009. This document summarized the facts and determinations made by the Minnesota Pollution Control agency in approving the recommended response action alternatives. A summary of the recommended remedies at the 3M Cottage Grove site are: • Institutional controls /deed restrictions, site access controls, and long -term groundwater monitoring. • Enhanced groundwater recovery with carbon treatment to remove PFCs prior to discharge. (In process) • Stabilize flow channel to East Cove and remove PFC- containing sediments throughout the site. (Completed) • Remove portions of sandbar at cove outlet. (Completed) • Remove concrete basin previously used for sludge neutralization /disposal in Disposal Area D1 and remove additional overlying soils in that area. (Completed) • Remove PFC contaminated soils in Disposal Areas D1, D2, and D9 which exceed Indus- trial Soil Reference Values for PFOA and /or PFOS. (Completed) • Transport excavated soil, sediments, and materials to an engineered long -term contain- ment cell at SKB Industrial landfill, Rosemount, Minnesota or Environmental Quality Company's disposal waste treatment plant in Belleville, Michigan. All excavated materials exceeding the Industrial Soil Reference Values established by the MN Pollution Control Agency will be disposed off -site. (Completed) Honorable Mayor Bailey, City Council Members and Ryan Schroeder 3M's Carbon Filtration Facility Project — Site Plan and Variance Applications March 9, 2012 Page 4 of 9 ' - -r. - October 21, 2009 — The City of Cottage Grove City Council approved 3M's conditional use permit application to excavate approximately 19,000 cubic yards of soil from approximately two acres of land located in the southeast corner of 3M Cottage Grove's site. This project removed approx- imately 19,000 cubic yards of soil from approximately two acres of land located in the southeast corner of 3M Cottage Grove's site identified as D1 and D2. The D1 Area is a former hydrofluoric tar neutralization pit and the D2 Area is a former sludge disposal area that received sludge from 3M's wastewater treatment ponds. The work started in November 2009 and was completed in 2010. Cleanup projects for the D9 Area, access road, and East Cove areas were identified as future projects. April 21, 2010 — The City of Cottage Grove City Council held a public hearing and approved a conditional use permit application to excavate approximately 10,000 cubic yards of soil from an area described as Disposal Site Area 9. Area D9 is a former sludge disposal pit. The work started in May 2010 and was completed in 2011. July 7, 2010 — The City of Cottage Grove approved 3M's conditional use permit to excavate ap- proximately 10,000 cubic yards of excess soil to re -grade an existing private access road be- tween their wastewater treatment facility and an area known as the East Cove. This work was completed in November 2010. March 14, 2011 - The City Council was informed that a notice of availability to review 3M's EAW was submitted to the Environmental Quality Board on March 14, 2011. The EQB publish the no- tice in the EQB's Monitor on March 21, 2011. The 30 -day public comment period for the EAW was from March 21, 2011, to April 20, 2011. A press release briefly describing the project, where the EAW can be reviewed, the comment period deadline, and to whom comments should be submitted was sent to the South Washington County Bulletin. The EAW process was briefly described and a copy of the EAW and Work Plan were distributed to the City Council. March 25, 2011 — The Planning Commission was informed of 3M's EAW and conditional use permit applications for the East Cove Sediment Removal Project. The EAW process was briefly described and a copy of the EAW and Work Plan were distributed to the Planning Commission. April 13, 2011 — The Environmental Commission and Planning Commission held a joint workshop meeting to listen to 3M's presentation on the East Cove Sediment Removal Project. The EAW process was briefly described and a copy of the EAW and Work Plan were distributed to the Environmental Commission. October 2011 — Work on the East Cove Sediment Removal Project started and was substantially completed in January 2012. Vegetation restoration will be completed in Spring 2012. • • •- • Granular Activated Carbon Treatment System 3M is proposing to install a granular activated carbon treatment system to treat perfluorochemi- cals (PFCs) in groundwater to be used at the 3M Cottage Grove site. More specifically, the treat- ment facility will be designed to treat water from seven groundwater extraction wells at the 3M Honorable Mayor Bailey, City Council Members and Ryan Schroeder 3M's Carbon Filtration Facility Project — Site Plan and Variance Applications March 9, 2012 Page 5 of 9 Cottage Grove site and four groundwater supply wells located on 3M's Woodbury property six miles north of the plant site on Keats Avenue. Existing groundwater supply wells (Production wells 2 -6) and two new barrier wells ( #9 and #10) will be used to maintain a groundwater capture system along 3M Cottage Grove's southern property boundary. Pumping rates will vary during the life of this facility as necessary to ensure capture of PFCs. Final minimum pump out rates will be set based upon testing and agreement with the MPCA. A monitoring plan will be established to routinely evaluate system performance. All well pumps will be modified with variable frequency drive units allowing 3M to control the pump out rates of each well. New underground piping will be installed within the 3M Cottage Grove site to route the existing raw water to the treatment facility and return the treated water to the existing points of use and storage reservoirs. The maximum pumping capacity of each well is provided in the Table 1. Table 1 —Well Pumping Capacities Well No. Water Use Pump Cap acity (gpm) 2 Potable 1,000 3 Potable 1,000 4 Potable 750 5 Potable 1,500 6 Non - potable 1,000 9 Non-potable 1,000 10 Non - potable 1,000 WB1 Non - potable 700 WB2 Non - potable 250 WB3 Non-potable 800 WB4 Non-potable 1,500 Potable water is used for sanitary purposes at the 3M Cottage Grove site and as a back -up supply source for the non - potable system should demand surpass the non - potable system ca- pacity. Non - potable water is used for manufacturing process water and water cooling systems. Wells 5, 9, 10, W131, W132, W133, and W134 will run continuously and be equipped with variable frequency drives to vary the pumping rate based on the demand and capture requirements. Wells 2, 3, 4, and 6 will serve as standby wells and placed in service as needed. The anticipated aver- age pumping rates are 5.2 million gallons per day (MGD) of non - potable water and 1.7 MGD of potable water. These volumes include water used by the LSP Cottage Grove site. Potable water is supplied by overhead pipe line to the LSP facility and recycled process cooling water is sup- plied from 3M's cooling water system. No untreated water will be stored in any existing or new storage reservoirs. The location of the seven existing wells, five existing reservoirs, and the two proposed new reservoirs are shown on the aerial photograph below. Honorable Mayor Bailey, City Council Members and Ryan Schroeder 3M's Carbon Filtration Facility Project — Site Plan and Variance Applications March 9, 2012 Page 6 of 9 t d Well 93 t .s � U Potable s ,Q � Well #z 375,000•sallon 7 ylRotable 500,000 gallon Potable Reseivoir `Wall #4 \ Potable Reservoir t.`\ Potable �� & r, Q50,000 gallon _ Potabi@ Reservoir 250,000 gallon 1 .Non- potable Reservoir 60�f000 gaiton'�' ^ Proposed 350,000 gallon . Potab(6 Reservoir _ Non- potable Reservoir •, kopposcd 500,000 gallon 9 MECS Engles '' _ Potab a cso voi I , _ l R r Potrivwvitp t7 } Well #6 Wel potable P Non- Potable -Wall #10 Bart ❑ Non - potable Well O Non - Potable Reservoir . Potable Well i• Potable Reservoir 40 Proposed Potable and Non - potable Reservoirs All the water pumped from the four potable wells (Well Nos. 2, 3, 4, and 5) and the seven non - potable wells (Well Nos. 6, 9, 10, WB1, WB2, WB3, and W134) will be treated through the carbon filtration facility. The 18 filtration vessels inside the carbon filtration facility each contain approx- imately 20,000 pounds of carbon. It is envisioned that the spent carbon will be changed out every one to two years. The spent carbon will be sent back to the carbon vendor where it will go through a process where it is "re- activated" (also referred to as regeneration). Reactivation of carbon is a high temperature process that ensures destruction of the compounds that have been removed by the carbon filtration process. Building Materials 3M's proposed carbon treatment building is the larger of the two proposed building structures. The building dimensions are 62 feet by 167.5 feet for a total floor area of 10,385 square feet. The building height is 38 feet. Inside this building will be 18 carbon vessels that are 10 feet in diameter and approximately 19.5 feet tall. A floor plan and photo enhanced illustration of the building's exterior is shown below. Honorable Mayor Bailey, City Council Members and Ryan Schroeder 3M's Carbon Filtration Facility Project — Site Plan and Variance Applications March 9, 2012 Page 7 of 9 I "1 ier_r I r .r.• r u_r I l� C )___ 'T$ 7. 4' �w+.tirww'i. •"' `'•es- 'Y ".� Zaz±A` mr� The smaller building is the booster station. This building is 36 feet by 56 feet for a total floor area of 2,016 square feet. This building height is 19.5 feet and will house approximately eight booster pumps. A floor plan and photo- enhanced illustration of this building's exterior is shown below. n L00k 1 � \ fc4t �K-!'4 Honorable Mayor Bailey, City Council Members and Ryan Schroeder 3M's Carbon Filtration Facility Project — Site Plan and Variance Applications March 9, 2012 Page 8 of 9 1 2 T 1 It` M1% • w N 4 W__ `.M YDODt SC YCII (r+J � \I.VWIY I!R Y.YL M`6 m I — M4PVwe^Y YA rrty ``�C- NI.[FYY RWw cUM 1�1 FLOOR PLAN \ a•TM* A new potable reservoir will be located on the south side of the booster station building. This re- servoir will have a storage capacity of 500,000 gallons and is approximately 32 feet in height. The new non - potable reservoir will have a capacity of 375,000 gallons and is also approximately 32 feet in height. This reservoir is located on the north side of the booster station building. Honorable Mayor Bailey, City Council Members and Ryan Schroeder 3M's Carbon Filtration Facility Project — Site Plan and Variance Applications March 9, 2012 Page 9 of 9 Public Hearing Notices The public hearing notice was published in the South Washington County Bulletin on February 15, 2012. Public hearing notices were mailed to 22 neighboring property owners on February 15, 2012. *I -I!- =1 That the City Council accepts the Planning Commission's recommendation to approve 3M Cottage Grove's two planning applications as described below and adopt a resolution approving both of these applications. The findings of fact and conditions of approval are included in the attached draft resolution. A variance to the Exterior Design Standards of the Zoning Ordinance to allow the exterior surface materials for the two proposed industrial buildings to be constructed of metal material that is similar in design and color to other industrial buildings at the 3M Cottage Grove site. 2. The site plan application for the construction of the proposed carbon filtration facility and ancillary structures. 11.711 "C•1i•oilC•1KIZi 11 / • iiiiiiiiiiii •' A 1 • WHEREAS, 3M Company applied for a site plan review of a carbon filtration facility at 3M Cottage Grove, and a variance to the architectural regulations to allow the two proposed buildings to be constructed of pre- engineered metal panel walls and roofs that will match the colors and style of their existing wastewater treatment building and construct two outdoor water storage tanks, on property legally described as: That part of Section 35, Township 027 North, Range 21; Cottage Grove, Washington County, MN being in the West Half of Section 35, Township 027 North, Range 21 West and lying south of the right -of -way of the Chicago, Milwaukee, & St. Paul Railway Company. Commonly known as 10746 Innovation Road, Cottage Grove, Washington County, Minnesota. WHEREAS, public hearing notices were mailed to property owners within 1,320 feet of the property and a public hearing notice was published in the South Washington County Bulletin; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission held a public hearing on February 27, 2012; and WHEREAS, a planning staff report which detailed specific information about the property and the variance application was prepared and presented; and WHEREAS, the public hearing was open for public testimony. The applicant attended the public hearing. No other public testimony was received; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission reviewed the criteria and findings established by the Zoning Ordinance for granting a variance; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission unanimously (7 -0 vote) recommended to the City Council that the site plan review and variance be granted based on the finding of facts and subject to certain conditions stipulated in the planning staff report. NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED, the City Council of the City of Cottage Grove, Washington County, Minnesota, hereby approvesa site plan review of a carbon filtration facility at 3M Cottage Grove,and a variance to the architectural regulations to allow the two proposed buildings to be constructed of pre- engineered metal panel walls and roofs that will match the colors and style of their existing wastewater treatment building and construct two outdoor water storage tanks located on the property legally described above. Granting of the variance is based upon the following findings of fact: Resolution No. 2012 -XXX Page 2 of 2 a) The proposed carbon filtration facilities are internal to the 3M Cottage Grove site and cannot be seen from the Mississippi River or any public roadways. b) All the minimum building setback requirements of the 1 -3 District are complied with. c) The proposed exterior materials and colors are similar and consistent with other buildings on the 3M Cottage Grove site. d) The building height of the proposed carbon filtration facilities and two new reservoir tanks are less than the height of other structures that currently exist on the 3M Cottage Grove site. e) The proposed carbon filtration system is being installed as an environmental remediation project designed to remove PFC's from the groundwater and is for the protection of human health and the environment in accordance with the MPCA Minnesota Decision Document and MPCA approved Remedial Design /Response Action Plan for the 3M Cottage Grove site. f) This remedial activity will prevent PFCs from potentially desorbing from the sediment into surface water and groundwater. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, the recommendation for approval is subject to the following conditions: 1. 3M must comply with the remedial actions documented in the Minnesota Decision Document made by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency staff in approving the recommended response action alternatives. 2. The applicant receives building permits from the City of Cottage Grove prior to constructing the two buildings and reservoirs. Passed this 21st day of March 2012. Myron Bailey, Mayor Attest: Caron Stransky, City Clerk _JLCO J Y J I i l l I • • 0 § 2 :� �- 1 6.1 3M Carbon Filtration Facility — Case SP12 -005 and V12 -006 3M Company has applied for a site plan review of a carbon filtration facility at 3M Cottage Grove, 10746 Innovation Road, and a variance to architectural regulations to allow two pro- posed buildings to be constructed of pre- engineered metal panel walls and roofs that will match the colors and style of their existing wastewater treatment buildingand construct two outdoor water storage tanks. McCool summarized the staff report and recommended approval based on the findings of fact and subject to the conditions stipulated in the staff report. Brittain stated that he is an employee of the applicant and has discussed this matter with city staff and Planning Commission Chair. It was determined Brittain will not benefit from the ap- proval or denial of these applications and his participation in the discussion and the Planning Commission's actions are appropriate. Pat McGrann, 3M Facility Engineering, 733 Haven Hill Road, Eagan, stated that he is the project coordinator for this project. He reported that this facility will be a non - occupied space. The facilities will be controlled by 3M's existing automated computer and pumping systems. The structure will be kept at around 50 degrees, which is one reason the metal panels are more appropriate for this type of facility. The treated water will be approximately groundwater tem- perature. They will not be performing any other activities besides filtration at this building. The secondary building is a booster station. The pumps will be used to provide water pressure for the carbon treatment facility and private water systems. McGrann explained that treated water will go into the potable water reservoir and untreated water will be pumped into the non - potable reservoir. The new pumping station will feed the water back into the existing reservoirs, which would function as they currently do. There will not be any chemicals present in either of the buildings; they will strictly be used for carbon treatment and pumping. Reese noted that new ground piping will be installed. McGrann explained that because of the infrastructure that is currently there and that the wells feed directly to the pumping stations at the reservoirs, they have to put a new distribution system to this facility from all of the wells. They will install new high density polyethylene underground piping mains to collect waterfrom the different well systems. They will not be abandoning any of the existing piping from the points where they tie back to the reservoirs. Reese asked if the water would be going to the river from this new facility. McGrann stated that the discharge from this new facility will only go to the reservoirs, not into the river. Rediske noted that the filters will be replaced every two years and sent back to the vendor to be cleaned. She asked where the vendor is located. McGrann responded Pennsylvania. He ex- plained that the material will be tested periodically according to MPCA standards. They will be operating what is called a lead lag. The first tank will filter the water, which will be run through a second tank. When they get breakthrough on the first tank, the process will be reversed; the lag tank becomes the lead and they change out the first tank with new carbon. The carbon is sent to the vendor to be re- energized through a kiln process and returned to 3M for non - potable use. He stated that 3M will follow Minnesota Health Department standards. Messick opened the public hearing. No one spoke. Messick closed the public hearing. Reese made a motion to approve the site plan review of the 3M carbon filtration facility with a variance to the Zoning Ordinance architecture regulations for the two proposed carbon filtration facility and booster station, based on the findings of fact and subject to the conditions listed below. Ventura seconded the motion. Findings of Fact. A. The proposed carbon filtration facilities are internal to the 3M Cottage Grove site and cannot be seen from the Mississippi River or any public roadways. B. All the minimum building setback requirements of the 1 -3 District are complied with. C. The proposed exterior materials and colors are similar and consistent with other buildings on the 3M Cottage Grove site. D. The building height of the proposed carbon filtration facilities and two new reservoir tanks are less than the height of other structures that currently exist on the 3M Cottage Grove site. E. The proposed carbon filtration system is being installed as an environmental remed- iation project designed to remove PFC's from the groundwater and is for the protec- tion of human health and the environment in accordance with the MPCA Minnesota Decision Document and MPCA approved Remedial Design /Response Action Plan for the 3M Cottage Grove site. F. This remedial activity will prevent PFCs from potentially desorbing from the sediment into surface water and groundwater. Conditions of Approval. 1. 3M must comply with the remedial actions documented in the Minnesota Decision Document made by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency staff in approving the recommended response action alternatives. 2. The applicant receives building permits from the City of Cottage Grove prior to con- structing the two buildings and reservoirs. Motion passed unanimously (7 -to -0 vote).