HomeMy WebLinkAbout2014-09-10 PACKET 05.1.
TO:
Environmental Commission
FROM:
Jennifer Levitt, Community Development Director/City Engineer
DATE:
September 5, 2014
RE:
Air Monitoring
Background/Discussion
The City of Cottage Grove, with cooperation and cost participation from 3M Cottage
Grove, contracted for air monitoring to be performed on the 3M site from October 2010
through September 2011. This first year of sampling provided a base line for air moni-
toring data prior to 3M accepting outside waste from non-3M generated sources. Air
monitoring resumed in June 2013 when non-3M wastes to the incinerator had begun to
be burned on a consistent and regular basis. Data was then collected from June 2013 to
June 2014.
The enclosed memo from Tom Henning with SEH outlines the results of the second year
air monitoring and provides a comparison with the base line air monitoring data. Mr.
Henning will present the findings at the Environmental Commission meeting and be
available to answer any questions you may have regarding the sampling process or
results.
Recommendations
It is recommended to not perform a third year of air monitoring testing for the site due to
the fact that air monitoring results demonstrate compliance with the Minnesota health
benchmarks.
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
TO:Jennifer Levitt, PE, City of Cottage Grove
FROM:Tom Henning, PE, CHMM
DATE:September 3, 2014
RE:Cottage Grove Ambient Monitoring -Second Year Results
SEH No. 113702
1.0Introduction
®
The City of Cottage Grove retained Short Elliott HendricksonInc. (SEH) to conduct ambient air
monitoring at a location near the 3M Cottage Grove (“3M”) facility.The purpose of the monitoring is to
measure concentrations of particulate matter, select metals, and volatile organic compounds (VOC) near
the incinerator operated at the 3M facility.In 2009, 3M applied for an amendment to their air permit which
would allow the facility to process non-3M generated wastes in the incinerator; the amended permit was
issued in 2012.SEH conducted one year of monitoring, from October 2010 through September 2011, to
determine ambient air conditions prior to 3M processing non-3M generated wastes.After 3M had begun
processing non-3M wastes in the incinerator, SEH conducteda second year of air monitoring between
June 2013 and June 2014 to measure ambient concentrations after this change.
2.0Monitor Location Selection
The location of the air monitoring site, as well as the sampling and analytical methods used, were the
same for the second year of monitoring as they were for the first year of monitoring.SEH staff worked
with 3M staff, representatives of the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) and the City of Cottage
Grove to selecta location for the monitoring.The selected site is located northwest of the incinerator
stack on 3M property (inside the facility fence). The selected site met each of the following site selection
criteria:
1.Located on 3M property so access and security are provided
2.Power is accessible to the site
3.Provides acceptable distances from sources of background emissions (i.e. highways, industrial
facilities, etc.)
4.Location is in line with prevailing wind direction from the incinerator stack
5.The distance from the incinerator stack to the sampling location is approximately equal to the
distance from the incinerator stack to the nearest residence.
3.0Methods
The sampling and analytical methods used where selected to match ambient monitoring methods used by
the MPCA at monitoring stations throughout the Twin Cities metropolitan area. This methodology was
used so that the results of the monitoring near the 3M facility can be compared to the MPCA’s Twin Cities
and metropolitan area and statewide monitoring data.
Engineers | Architects | Planners | Scientists
Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc., 809 North 8th Street, Suite 205, Sheboygan, WI 53081-4032
SEH is 100% employee-owned|sehinc.com|920.452.6603|888.908.8166 fax
Cottage Grove Ambient Monitoring -Second Year Results
September 3, 2014
Page 2
th
day so that samples werecollected on the same days as
In general, samples werecollected every 12
MPCA monitoring.The twelve day sampling cycle ensures that over the course of the sampling program,
thth
or 18
samples will be collected on each day of the week.Periodically, SEH collecteda sample on the 6
day to randomize the sample days.
A high volume sampler wasused to collect 24-hour total suspended particulate (TSP) samples.The
sampler turnedon at midnight of the sampling day and directedambient air across a filter for24 hours.
The filter was analyzed for TSPandtwelvemetals.At the same time, a summa canister with a regulator
was used to collect a 24-hour sample that was thenanalyzed for individual VOCs.
Filters used with the high volume sampler were prepared andprocessed according to the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Compendium Method IO-3.1 (USEPA, 1999) as applicable for
gravimetric determination. This method describes the numbering, pre-field tare weighing of filters, and
post-field final weighing of filters. Pre-field filters are conditioned in a room of constant humidity and
temperature and are gravimetrically tarred. After air samples hadbeen collected, the filters were returned
to the laboratory and conditioned as before and weighed. Filterhandling procedures found in Appendix B,
G, and J of 40 CFR Part 50 were also followed.
VOCs were collected and analyzed using EPA method TO-15 procedures. Six-liter summa canisters
sanitized and placed under vacuum at or greater to 25 inches mercury were used to collect the VOC
samples.Table 1 shows the monitoring program’s analytical methods, sampling equipment, target metals
and individual VOCs.
8EFPI1IXLSHWERH)UYMTQIRX
CompoundTest MethodSampling Equipment
Total ParticulatesEPA Method IO-3.1Tisch TE-5170V
EPA Method IO-3.4/
1
MetalsTisch TE-5170V
3.5
Volatile Organic Summa Canister with a Tisch
EPA Method TO-15
2
CompoundsTE-123flow controller
Notes:
1
Individual metals monitored included:
AntimonyCadmiumCopperManganese
ArsenicChromiumIronNickel
BerylliumCobaltLeadSelenium
2
Individual VOCs are listed on Tables 3 and 4.
Similar to the first year, Pace Analytical of Minneapolis, Minnesotaperformedthe VOC analysis for the
second year.However, Pacesubcontracted the metals and particulate matter analyses to Bureau Veritas
of Novi, Michigan for the second year of monitoring.Bureau Veritasattained detection limits for the
metals analysis at or below the detection limits attained by Pace in the first year of monitoring.
During both years of air monitoring, SEHfolloweda quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC)
program to help ensure monitoring results wereaccurate and precise.QA/QC procedures included
collecting field and method blanks,calibrating field equipment,and periodically splitting sample analyses
with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA).These steps provided a check that contaminants
werenot introduced during the sample collection, handling,or analytical procedures.
Cottage Grove Ambient Monitoring -Second Year Results
September 3, 2014
Page 3
4.0Weather Conditions
Weather conditions for each sampling datein monitoring year two, including wind speed and direction,
temperature, and precipitation, are presented in Table 2.SEH used meteorological data collected at the
meteorological station located at the 3M Cottage Grove facility and the Minneapolis-St. Paul airport to
populate Table 2.
8EFPI;IEXLIV(EXEJSV1'SXXEKI+VSZI1SRMXSVMRK7XEXMSR
Wind DirectionAverage WindRange WindAverage TempPrecipitation
AB
DatefromSpeed, mphSpeed, mphdegrees FInches
6/15/2013SE4.80.1 to 31.068.50.02
6/27/2013NW7.70.1 to 32.276.70.00
7/9/2013W8.80.7 to 41.976.90.34
7/27/2013NW9.10.3 to 30.755.30.02
8/2/2013N5.30.2 to 20.667.10.00
8/14/2013W3.40.3 to 13.463.50.00
8/26/2013S6.40.4 to40.085.70.00
9/13/2013NE3.60.3 to 12.556.60.00
10/1/2013W8.40.2 to 27.865.80.00
10/7/2013NW4.20.2 to 18.651.70.00
10/13/2013NW3.20.2 to 18.746.70.00
10/19/2013W5.10.5 to 29.839.90.06
10/31/2013W7.90.1 to 21.343.6Trace
11/18/2013NW11.80.5 to 38.029.40.00
11/24/2013S10.60.5 to 31.818.50.00
12/6/2013W7.31.6 to 25.9-1.80.00
12/18/2013SE6.70.3 to 33.922.30.00
Trace
1/5/2014NW12.01.7 to 35.8-8.9
Trace
1/17/2014NW8.81.5 to 43.76.8
1/29/2014S7.21.2 to 40.211.10.00
2/10/2014W4.60.9 to 37.1-4.50.00
2/28/2014SE7.80.7 to 37.43.20.04
3/6/2014SE10.73.3 to 31.120.10.00
3/18/2014E8.62 to 21.931.90.15
3/30/2014SE10.53.8 to 24.646.10.00
Trace
4/11/2014NE4.90 to 18.249.7
Trace
4/17/2014NW9.60 to 26.734.4
4/23/2014SE9.40 to 21.942.70.26
5/5/2014E6.10 to 14.355.40.00
5/17/2014W5.60 to 24.953.10.00
5/29/2014SE4.70 to 12.969.40.00
6/16/2014S8.70 to 41.271.00.38
A
Wind direction based on average readings at the 3M Weather Station for each day of monitoring.
B
Source: National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office, Daily Weather Observations for the Twin
Cities, MN (http://www.crh.noaa.gov/mpx/Climate/MSPClimate.php)
Cottage Grove Ambient Monitoring -Second Year Results
September 3, 2014
Page 4
5.0Incinerator Operations
Someof the solventscombusted in the 3M incinerator are generated by outside sources. Figure 1 shows
the amountof non-3M-generated solvents and3M-generated solventson a monthly basis from June
2013 –June 2014. During the second year of samplingwhen the incinerator was operating,the amount of
non-3M generated solvent ranged from 11% to 58% of the total solvent incinerated and averaged 24%.
The incinerator was down for much of the month of September2013 and all of May 2014.
6.0Results and Discussion
Themaximum, minimum,andaverage concentrations measured during the second year of monitoring
(2013–2014)are shown on Table 3. Also shown on the table arethe health benchmarksfor each
compound and the maximum, minimum, and average concentrations measured during the first year of
monitoring (2010 –2011).
6.1Compounds Not Detected
A total of 53VOCs and 12 metals weremonitored throughout the year. Ninemetals and sixorganic
compounds have been consistently detected at the 3M monitoring station(i.e., the compounds were
detected in over half of the sampling events): antimony,cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead,
manganese, nickel,selenium, 2-propanol, benzene, dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon 12), methyl chloride,
methyl ethyl ketone, and toluene. Particulate matter was also detected in each sample. Of this total, 27
VOCs (i.e.,about half of the total) were not detected in any of the samples. In addition, sevenadditional
compounds were only detected in one of thesampling events.The compounds not detected during the
second year of testing are shown on Table 4.
8EFPI'SQTSYRHW2SX(IXIGXIHMR7EQTPIW
Dichlorobenzene (m)
1,1,2,3,4,4-Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene
1,1,2-TrichloroethaneDichlorobenzene (o)
1,1-DichloroethaneDichlorotetrafluoroethane (Freon 114)
1,1-DichloroetheneEthylene Dichloride
1,2,4-TrichlorobenzeneEthylene Dibromide
1,2-DichloropropaneMethyl Bromide
1,3-ButadieneMethyl Tert-Butyl Ether
Benzyl ChlorideStyrene
BromodichloromethaneTrans-1,2-Dichloroethene
ChlorobenzeneTrans-1,3-Dichloropropene
ChloroformTribromomethane
cis-1,2-DichloroetheneTrichlorofluoromethane(Freon 113)
cis-1,3-DichloropropeneVinyl Chloride
Dibromochloromethane
6.2Comparison with Health Benchmarks and Ambient Standards
The monitoring shows that, for the compounds monitored, the air quality in Cottage Grove during the
2013to 2014 ambient monitoring program meets Minnesota health benchmarks.Table 3shows the
average monitored concentrationsfor each compound and theassociated health benchmark.
3
On one date,August 2, 2013, an arsenic concentration of 0.0031µg/mwas detected, which is slightly
3
above the health benchmark of 0.00233µg/m.On the same day, the measured benzene concentration
33
was 1.7 µg/m, which is greater than the health benchmark for benzene, 1.28µg/m.However, the health
benchmarksfor arsenic and benzene representan annual average exposure concentration (chronic
exposure), not a daily average concentration. Theannual average concentration for arsenic and benzene
were below their respective health benchmarks when compared to the prescribed period of exposure
time.Also note that on August 2, 2013, the wind direction was primarily from the north (see Table 2).
Cottage Grove Ambient Monitoring -Second Year Results
September 3, 2014
Page 5
Since the 3M Cottage Grove facility is located south and southeast of the monitoring location, the 3M
plant is an unlikely source of the measuredconcentrationson that day.
6.3Comparison with First YearMonitoring Results
The secondyear’s ambient monitoringresults weregenerally comparable with results from year one of
monitoring(Table 3).
TSP concentrations were about 32% lower during the second year of monitoring. Antimony, copper, and
lead concentrations were higher during the second year while average concentrations of the other metals
were lower during the second monitoring year.
Most of the VOCs detected during the second year of monitoring were infrequently detected. That is,
many of the sample results showed the concentration of these compounds were less than the detection
limit of the analytical method. Twenty six VOCs haveat least one detectable concentration during the
second year of monitoring. Of these twenty six compounds, nine had average concentrations that were
higher than the first year monitoring results and seventeen compounds had lower average
concentrations.
Of the six VOCs which were detected consistently during year two of monitoring, twocompounds had
lower average concentrations during year two, while fourhadhigheraverage concentrations(Table 5).
8EFPI%ZIVEKI'LERKIMR'SRGIRXVEXMSRJVSQ=IEVXS=IEV7IPIGX:3'W
VOCChange from Year 1 to Year 2
Benzene7% decrease
Freon 1217% decrease
Freon 1122% increase
Methyl Chloride43% increase
2-Propanol68% increase
Toluene17% increase
Attachments:
.
Table 3Summary of Second Year Air Quality Monitoring (2013 –2014) for Detected Compounds
Figure 1. Non-3M Generated Solvent Compared to Total Solvent Incinerated
KHB/tah
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